1. Using Weak Ropes to Suspend Heavy Objects. It's common to see people using hemp ropes, nylon ropes, or V-belts to lift and unload engines and gearboxes during tractor repairs, which is extremely unsafe. The correct method is to use sturdy steel wire ropes. Tripod supports and other equipment must also be firmly anchored. When using a crane to suspend the load, no one should ever walk or stand under it.
2. Incorrect Methods for Supporting Vehicles. When tires are damaged or replaced, using bricks, stones, wooden blocks, or a single jack for support is unsafe. The correct method is to use both a jack and sturdy wooden blocks to support the frame. Furthermore, the front and rear wheels should be secured with wedges or large stones to prevent the vehicle from moving forward or backward and the support from collapsing and injuring people. This type of repair is best performed on a firm, level surface to prevent tipping and injury.
3. Unsafe Tire Inflation Operations. Re-inflating tires after removal and installation without proper protection can cause the rims to pop out and strike someone. The correct method is to lock the tire, rim, retainer ring, and rim together with a chain before inflation; alternatively, inflate with the retainer ring facing the ground or a wall to prevent the rim from popping out and injuring people.
IV. Welding oil containers without cleaning residual oil. Before welding or repairing oil containers, residual oil inside the container must be thoroughly cleaned; otherwise, welding may cause an explosion. The cleaning method is to use alkaline water or hot water with vinegar, repeatedly washing 2-3 times, then draining and drying thoroughly before welding. Do not use high-pressure air to dry, as this may generate static sparks that could ignite an explosion. Before welding, all tank covers must be opened. When cleaning large oil tanks, personnel entering the tank must wear long-sleeved clothing, must not be barefoot or with exposed arms, and must wear protective belts and signal ropes; the working time inside the tank should not be too long, and a dedicated person must be on guard outside the tank. After exiting the tank, personnel must wash their face, hands, and rinse their mouth; clothing should be washed with alkaline water and then rinsed with clean water.
V. Incorrect operation when repairing brakes. When repairing brakes, if the hand and foot brakes are repaired simultaneously, the vehicle may become unstable and roll over, causing injury. The correct procedure is to repair the hand and foot brakes separately to ensure mutual braking and safety. The parking area should be firm and level, and the front and rear wheels should be secured with triangular blocks on both sides to prevent slippage.
VI. Incorrect Operation When Adjusting the Engine. When adjusting the machine, personnel should not approach dangerous parts such as the fan, drive belt, or exhaust pipe; or place tools or parts on the machine, which may fall and cause injury or damage. Adjusting personnel should be neatly dressed, and women should keep their hair up. Non-adjusting personnel should stay away from the machine. The machine should be stopped whenever possible during adjustment. If adjustment is performed under the machine, the engine must be turned off. If adjustment must be performed with a fire, a designated person should supervise the operating mechanism to prevent unauthorized access. Before restarting after adjustment, tools and parts should be inventoried, and a signal should be given.
VII. Incorrect Operation When Maintaining the Transmission Mechanism. Reaching hands or other objects into the transmission station; loose belt joints; detaching or hooking the belt while the machine is running; pulling the belt by hand; adjusting belt tension without turning off the machine; stepping over the belt.
VIII. Incorrect Operation When Repairing Suspension Tools. When repairing suspended implements, it is extremely dangerous to perform the work before the implements are on the ground and the machine is stopped; to use high or medium throttle when attaching the implements, to attach them too quickly, to ignore the hand signals of the attaching personnel, or to be prepared to stop the machine at any time; to perform maintenance or remove mud while the implements are in operation; and to perform maintenance under the implements without stopping the machine, turning it off, or without securing it properly. These practices should be avoided.
Nine, Incorrect practice of starting with a starter rope. When starting with a starter rope, the starter rope is wrapped around the hand and pulled, or the starter rope is wrapped around the flywheel more than 1.5 times; when turning the flywheel by hand, the oil and power should not be interrupted, and the rotation should be too fast, resulting in a sudden burst and rebound that can injure the fingers.
Ten, Incorrect operation of starting with a hand crank. When starting the engine with a hand crank, the repairman should grip the crank handle with the thumb and the other four fingers spread apart, instead of gripping the crank handle with all five fingers together; press down on the crank handle instead of lifting it; hold the crank handle with both hands and crank the machine; or crank it one full rotation instead of 1/2 rotation. All of these operations are improper and can easily injure the arms or fingers. Especially for engines with excessively advanced ignition or overheating, backfire is more likely to occur.
XI. Incorrect Refueling Procedures: Smoking or lighting an engine while refueling or checking the fuel level; using open flames for lighting while refueling at night (e.g., hand lamps, candles, lighters, torches, etc.) instead of safety lights, battery lights, or electric lights; refueling near the exhaust pipe; not wiping away fuel spills outside the tank, or allowing them to drip onto clothing before they dry and then approaching an open flame or smoking; dousing a ignited fuel fire with water instead of covering it with sand, dry soil, tarpaulin, burlap sacks, etc.; using the mouth to suck up leaded gasoline or touching oily parts with the mouth, which can cause poisoning.
XII. Incorrect Water Addition Procedures: Immediately opening the radiator cap when the engine is hot, especially when it is boiling over. Instead of first opening the drain valve and waiting for the water pressure to drop before wrapping the radiator cap with a towel or similar material, turning the body and head to one side, and then slowly unscrewing it.
XIII. Incorrect Electrical Equipment Repair Procedures. When repairing electrical equipment on a vehicle, failing to disconnect the battery cables beforehand can cause a short circuit, resulting in sparks and injury. Using metal containers instead of ceramic or glass containers when preparing electrolyte is also a serious mistake. Pouring water into concentrated sulfuric acid when diluting it can cause acid splatter and burns. The correct method is to slowly pour sulfuric acid into water; this must be strictly followed.
Fourteenth, Incorrect procedures when removing stuck vehicles. If a locomotive or rice transplanter gets stuck, and people stand or work in front of it, it may suddenly spring out after the vehicle is freed, causing an accident.
Fifteenth, Incorrect handling when removing or installing springs. Using screwdrivers or similar tools to pry open clutch springs or valve locks without specialized tools can cause the springs to spring out and injure people.
